[Back to blog](https://swooni.io/blog) # Defensive Listening: Hear the Concern Before Preparing Your Reply Recognise defensive listening with a practical example, separate understanding from agreement and respond with accountability without accepting false blame. Swooni Team · 5 min read · October 3, 2026 The editorial and research team at Swooni ![Two people talking while sitting on a bench outside a café](https://images.pexels.com/photos/4058507/pexels-photo-4058507.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1600) ListeningDefensivenessCommunication ## In this post 1. [Catch the moment the subject changes](#catch-the-moment-the-subject-changes) 2. [Find out what you are being asked to understand](#find-out-what-you-are-being-asked-to-understand) 3. [Hold impact and intent in separate sentences](#hold-impact-and-intent-in-separate-sentences) 4. [You can disagree without accepting a false accusation](#you-can-disagree-without-accepting-a-false-accusation) 5. [Try a short replay when both people are willing](#try-a-short-replay-when-both-people-are-willing) ## Worth keeping in mind - Notice explanations, counter-complaints and corrections that crowd out the concern. - Check understanding, own your part and make the next response concrete. - Understanding does not require false blame, surrendered boundaries or unsafe disclosure. > “I felt left out when you answered for me at dinner.” Before your partner finishes, you have three explanations ready. You were trying to help. They had gone quiet. Everybody was waiting. All of that may matter. But their sentence has barely reached you before your reply is already leaving. Here, defensive listening means hearing a concern mainly as something to rebut, so understanding gets crowded out. The Gottman Institute describes defensiveness as self-protection against a perceived attack, often shifting blame instead of addressing a complaint. The useful question is what you do next, not what kind of person the reaction makes you. ## Catch the moment the subject changes Notice whether you are interrupting to correct a minor detail, explaining intent before hearing impact or answering a concern with a different complaint. “You do it too” may introduce something real, but it leaves the original issue unanswered. In the dinner example, the subject changes from “I wanted to answer for myself” to whether you were helpful. Both people can end up defending their account while the practical request disappears. The Gottman Institute recommends taking responsibility for your part rather than turning the complaint back on your partner. Source:[The Gottman Institute: defensiveness and responsibility](https://www.gottman.com/blog/the-four-horsemen-defensiveness/) ## Find out what you are being asked to understand Let the person finish a manageable thought. Then try: “You wanted room to answer, and my jumping in made you feel overlooked. Have I understood?” This is a question, not a recital that earns your turn to argue. Let them correct it. If the complaint feels broad, ask for one example: “Which moment are you thinking of?” Avoid demanding a complete list of evidence. You are trying to locate the concern accurately enough to respond. You can discuss disputed details without making your partner prove they are entitled to a feeling. ## Hold impact and intent in separate sentences You might say, “I answered a question that was directed at you. I can see why that felt excluding.” Then, if it adds useful context: “I thought you wanted help, but I didn’t check.” Finish with a change you can make: “Next time I’ll leave space for your answer.” Understanding the impact does not require inventing an intention you did not have. Equally, a kind intention does not settle the impact. The Gottman Institute’s guidance puts understanding before advice; use that order here to hear the concern before deciding what should happen. If you need to explain your experience, do so clearly after checking theirs. “I felt unsure what you wanted, and I’d like us to agree how to signal it” adds information. “You should have made it obvious” transfers the responsibility for your choice. Source:[The Gottman Institute: understanding before advice](https://www.gottman.com/blog/understanding-must-precede-advice/) ## You can disagree without accepting a false accusation If your partner says, “You always sabotage me,” you can acknowledge a specific action without accepting that description: “I interrupted tonight and I’m sorry. I don’t agree that I always sabotage you. Can we stay with what happened at dinner?” Listening does not mean surrendering your memory, privacy or boundaries. If the conversation includes insults, you may name a limit and pause. You do not have to become perfectly calm or endlessly receptive before your concern counts. Each person remains responsible for how they speak and act. ## Try a short replay when both people are willing Choose one ordinary exchange after the heat has passed. The speaker names the event and impact. The listener checks the main point, owns what is theirs and offers one response. Swap roles only if both want to discuss another concern. This is an editorial practice, not a therapy protocol. If you catch yourself defending mid-sentence, restart: “I jumped into explaining. Let me hear what bothered you first.” You do not need a dramatic confession. Look afterwards for a concrete difference: did the speaker finish, did the listener understand, and did any agreed action happen? If listening keeps becoming a contest, seek qualified support rather than repeating the exercise indefinitely. Where there are threats, coercion or fear, a joint exercise may increase risk. The Hotline advises against couples therapy as a response to abuse; seek confidential specialist help. At the next dinner, the change may be as ordinary as letting a question reach the person it was meant for. Listening becomes useful when it changes what happens outside the conversation. Source:[The Hotline: why joint therapy is not recommended for abuse](https://www.thehotline.org/resources/should-i-go-to-couples-therapy-with-my-abusive-partner/) Quick answers ## Frequently asked questions What is an example of defensive listening? A partner says they felt interrupted, and the listener immediately explains why interrupting was helpful. Their intention gets discussed before the partner’s concern is understood. Does listening without defensiveness mean agreeing? No. You can accurately understand someone’s experience, acknowledge your own action and disagree about an interpretation or disputed fact. What if my partner is actually criticising me? Ask to discuss a specific behaviour and set a limit on insults. You can own something you did without accepting a character attack. Use confidential support if you fear retaliation. Evidence and further reading ## Sources behind this post Open the original research and expert resources referenced above. - [The Gottman Institute: defensiveness and responsibilitygottman.com](https://www.gottman.com/blog/the-four-horsemen-defensiveness/) - [The Gottman Institute: understanding before advicegottman.com](https://www.gottman.com/blog/understanding-must-precede-advice/) - [The Hotline: why joint therapy is not recommended for abusethehotline.org](https://www.thehotline.org/resources/should-i-go-to-couples-therapy-with-my-abusive-partner/) ## Make room for the concern you want to hear Use Swooni's a check-in to practise one clear question and one accountable response. [![Download on the App Store](https://swooni.io/images/logos/apple-download.svg)](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/swooni-relationship-tracker/id6557063166)[![Get it on Google Play](https://swooni.io/images/logos/google-download.svg)](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.honeyroots.app) Written by Swooni Team The editorial and research team at Swooni Keep reading ### Related posts [How to communicate with your partner when the pattern keeps repeatingStart a difficult conversation more clearly, listen for meaning and finish with a specific next action you can both understand.](https://swooni.io/blog/how-to-communicate-with-partner)[Gottman’s Four Horsemen: Notice the Pattern, Change Your ResponseRecognise Gottman’s Four Horsemen in an everyday argument, with original examples, practical alternatives and limits that protect safety and accountability.](https://swooni.io/blog/gottman-four-horsemen)[Say Thank You Instead of Sorry? 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